LDD(1) FreeBSD General Commands Manual LDD(1)
NAME
ldd - list dynamic object dependencies
SYNOPSIS
ldd [-a] [-v] [-f format] program ...
DESCRIPTION
The ldd utility displays all shared objects that are needed to run the
given program or to load the given shared object. Contrary to nm(1), the
list includes "indirect" dependencies that are the result of needed
shared objects which themselves depend on yet other shared objects.
Zero, one or two -f options may be given. The argument is a format
string passed to rtld(1) and allows customization of ldd's output. If
one is given, it sets LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT1. If two are given,
they set LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT1 and LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT2,
respectively. See rtld(1) for details, including a list of recognized
conversion characters.
The -a option displays the list of all objects that are needed by each
loaded object. This option does not work with a.out(5) binaries.
The -v option displays a verbose listing of the dynamic linking headers
encoded in the executable. See the source code and include files for the
definitive meaning of all the fields.
IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
ldd lists the dependencies of an executable by setting rtld(1)
environment variables and running the executable in a child process. If
the executable is corrupt or invalid, ldd may therefore fail without
providing any diagnostic error messages.
EXAMPLES
The following is an example of a shell pipeline which uses the -f option.
It will print a report of all ELF binaries in the current directory,
which link against libc.so.6:
find . -type f | xargs -n1 file -F ' ' | grep 'ELF.*dynamically' |
cut -f1 -d' ' | xargs ldd -f '%A %o\n' | grep libc.so.6
SEE ALSO
ld(1), nm(1), readelf(1), rtld(1)
HISTORY
A ldd utility first appeared in SunOS 4.0, it appeared in its current
form in FreeBSD 1.1.
The -v support is based on code written by John Polstra <jdp@polstra.com>
FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE October 23, 2018 FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE
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